Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer that is clinically negative for expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and HER2 protein. It is typified by its unique molecular profile, aggressive behavior, distinct patterns of metastasis, and lack of targeted therapies.
It is known that breast cancer is not one appearance of cancer, but lots of various "subtypes" of cancer. Its subtypes are in general diagnosed based upon the presence, or lack of, three "receptors" known to fuel most breast cancers: estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and human epidermal development factor receptor 2 (HER2). The most successful treatments for breast cancer target these receptors.
Unluckily, none of these receptors are discovered in women with triple negative breast cancer. In other words, its diagnosis indicates that the offending tumor is estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative and HER2-negative, therefore giving rise to the name "triple negative breast cancer."
It is simply in the last few years that professionals investigating breast cancer have concluded that it is not one disease, but lots of various forms of cancer all creating in the breast. Depending on its stage of diagnosis, triple negative breast cancer could be very aggressive and more probable to return and metastasize than other subtypes of it.
After surgery to get rid of the cancer, chemotherapy is the best option of treatment to undertake and stop triple negative breast cancer returning.
Some usually employed breast cancer treatments like hormone therapy or Herceptin don’t run for triple negative breast cancer. These treatments require attaching to certain receptors. Its cells do not have the right receptors.
The major chemotherapy treatment for triple negative breast cancer is typically a mixture of chemotherapy drugs. The mixture should consist of a type of chemotherapy drug called an anthracycline (doxorubicin or epirubicin).
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